Cultures, Societies, and Global Studies

AFAM 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AFAM 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AFAM 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AFAM 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AFCS 1101. Introduction to African American and Africana Studies. (4 Hours)

Explores the broad interdisciplinary spectrum of African American and Africana studies. Provides an introductory overview of the field and offers an opportunity to identify areas for more specific focus.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity

AFCS 1113. Black Popular Culture. (4 Hours)

Surveys U.S. and international Black popular culture from the mid-1950s to the present through music, movies, music videos, and other forms of multimedia, paying close attention to social commentary, political critique, economic inference, cultural formation, explications of religious and spiritual beliefs, and the like. Discusses and ponders issues of representation, identity, values, and aesthetics. Offers students an opportunity to rethink and reexamine the intent, impact, and circulation of Black popular culture as a method and means of expression and communication.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 1140. Introduction to African-American History. (4 Hours)

Surveys the development of African Americans in the United States from their African background to the present. Covers medieval and early modern societies in West and Central Africa; the transatlantic slave trade; the evolution of slavery from the colonial period through the Civil War; free blacks; Reconstruction; migration; civil rights; and black nationalism. Considers gender relations throughout the entire period and emphasizes how an historical perspective helps to inform discussions of contemporary issues.

AFCS 1225. Gender, Race, and Medicine. (4 Hours)

Examines the basic tenets of “scientific objectivity” and foundational scientific ideas about race, sex, and gender and what these have meant for marginalized groups in society, particularly when they seek medical care. Introduces feminist science theories and contemporary as well as historical examples to trace the evolution of “scientific truth” and its impact on the U.S. cultural landscape. Offers students the opportunity to question assumptions about science and view the scientific process as a site for critical analysis.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity

AFCS 1261. Global Caribbean. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the culture and history of Caribbean societies in global perspective. Explores Caribbean creativity and resilience across English, French, and Spanish linguistic and political spheres with examples from literature, art, music, food, technology, and performance. Considers the global reach of Caribbean diasporas, highlighting the long local histories of Caribbean communities in Boston. Follows four key themes—indigeneity, blackness, diaspora, and creolization—to understand this unique point of entry for the study of race, gender, and sexuality in the Americas.

AFCS 1270. Introduction to Global Health. (4 Hours)

Introduces global health in the context of an interdependent and globalized world focusing on four main areas of analysis: infrastructure of global health; diseases; populations; and terms, concepts, and theories. While the focus is on lower-income countries, the course examines issues in a broader global context, underscoring the interconnections between global health disparities and global health policy response. Applies case studies describing interventions to improve healthcare in resource-poor settings in sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere to help illuminate the actors, diseases, populations, and principles and frameworks for the design of effective global health interventions.

Attribute(s): NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

AFCS 2270. Race, Ethnicity, and Inequality. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the social construction of race and ethnicity and the nature of dominant/minority relations in the United States. Emphasizes the peculiar evolution of race relations in U.S. history, the political and economic conditions that have transformed race relations, and the nature of contemporary racial and ethnic relations in the United States. Topics include immigration, ethnic and racial identity, discrimination, and race-based policies (e.g., residential restrictive codes, Jim Crow segregation). Offers students an opportunity to develop a critical lens from which to observe and interpret contemporary debates over structural racism.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 2296. Early African-American Literature. (4 Hours)

Surveys the development and range of black American writers, emphasizing poetry and prose from early colonial times to the Civil War. ENGL 2296 and AFM 2296 are cross-listed.

Prerequisite(s): ENGL 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGL 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 2318. New England Stories: Storytelling and the African American Experience. (4 Hours)

Delves into the fascinating stories of African Americans who have called New England home, from the seventeenth century up to the present. Discusses themes such as freedom and slavery, migration, and civil rights. Introduces an interdisciplinary framework for understanding Black identity formation, activism, and cultural as well as intellectual traditions amid the long struggle for justice.

Prerequisite(s): ENGW 1102 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 2325. Black Feminist Studies. (4 Hours)

Invites students to study the history and contemporary landscape of Black feminist scholarship. Covers a range of disciplines and historical periods to introduce students to important texts and theoretical developments in this vast and interdisciplinary field.

Prerequisite(s): ENGW 1102 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 2330. Afro-Latin American Studies. (4 Hours)

Introduces the history of Afro-Latin America and of Black identities particular to this region. Frameworks such as transnational migration and diaspora provide an entry to the specific histories of African-descended people in the countries in the region known as Latin America and contemporary interpretations and revisions of that history. Covers topics including the history of slavery in the Americas; the Haitian Revolution; debates about "racial democracy"; and the relationship between gender, race, and empire. Explores the relationship between scholarship and struggle, social analysis, and social transformation.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 2337. African American History Before 1900. (4 Hours)

Traces the presence of African-descended people in North America. Emphasizes the historical and cultural links between Africa and North America that have shaped the Black experience in the United States. Explores and analyzes the institution of slavery, the role of free Black communities, the Civil War and emancipation, and Black leadership and protest during the Reconstruction era. Introduces students to the historian’s craft, theoretical debates concerning race and gender, and the persistence of the past in the present.

Prerequisite(s): ENGW 1102 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 2355. Race, Identity, Social Change, and Empowerment. (4 Hours)

Examines racism, racial identity, and theories of social change and racial empowerment primarily within the U.S. context. Highlights different ways in which racism and racial privilege have been experienced by different racial communities, more specifically at the micro-, meso-, and macro-levels. Offers students an opportunity to learn ways to promote racial empowerment and equity. Using theory from primarily psychology and sociology, the course investigates the impact of social systems and institutions on individual-level and group experiences of racism. Investigates students’ own racial identities, a deeper understanding of institutional inequalities and intersectionality, and practical skills in leadership and community building that can promote positive social change and racial equality.

Prerequisite(s): ENGW 1102 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity

AFCS 2380. Black Families and Incarceration. (4 Hours)

Focuses on how the Black family functions, both interpersonally and as a social unit within a carceral state. Introduces the diverse institutional, cultural, and historical issues relating to past and present circumstances from the effects of slavery and colonization on the Black family structure. Explores policies and practices within carceral institutions dealing with childhood, motherhood, and fatherhood. Assesses the social and psychological harms of incarceration on Black children and their families.

Prerequisite(s): ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity

AFCS 2390. Africa and the World in Early Times. (4 Hours)

Addresses the place of Africa in the world, from human evolution to the establishment of large-scale iron-making societies. Examines debates on the evolution of man in Africa and migrations to other regions. Traces the formation and spread of language groups, the rise of agriculture, formation of family and political structures, and patterns of trade up to 1000 C.E.

AFCS 2410. Possession, Sacrifice, and Divination in African Diasporic Religions. (4 Hours)

Examines religious thought and rituals and the Diaspora in a comparative context. Topics include traditional religions, Islam, Christianity, and Judaism in Africa, and the Diaspora. Emphasizes the transformation of religions practiced in Africa when African captives were forced into the three slave trades affecting the continent of Africa: trans-Saharan, Indian Ocean, and transatlantic.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 2455. American Women Writers. (4 Hours)

Surveys the diversity of American women’s writing to ask what it means to describe writers as disparate as Phillis Wheatley, Edith Wharton, Toni Morrison, and Alison Bechdel as part of the same 'tradition.' With attention to all genres of American women’s writing, introduces issues of race, genre and gender; literary identification; canons; the politics of recuperation; silence and masquerade; gender and sexuality; intersectionality; sexual and literary politics, compulsory heterosexuality, and more.

Prerequisite(s): ENGL 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGL 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 2600. Issues in Race, Science, and Technology. (4 Hours)

Examines the social impact of diverse forms of technological development and application that will have sweeping effects on the everyday lives of individuals, groups, governments, and societies in the twenty-first century. The global, transforming effects of technology as it affects communities of color in the United States and internationally are explored in three main areas: the computer, DNA, and quantum revolutions. Topics include the digital divide, minority media ownership, human cloning, the “dot.com” phenomenon, race and cultural representations in cyberspace, and biopiracy. Lectures, class discussions, fieldwork, and interaction with leaders in these various fields are integral elements of the course.

AFCS 2618. Community Psychology. (4 Hours)

Seeks to familiarize students with some of the topics, theories, and research methods employed by psychologists and other social scientists working in the area of community psychology. Community psychologists study people in their social contexts, emphasizing the mutual influences that individuals and communities have upon each other. Rather than attempt to understand and treat problems at the individual level, research in community psychology aims to offer practical solutions to social problems. Focuses on race, gender, and class. Offers students an opportunity to focus on a particular community, which they may utilize for data collection, and to develop survey instruments/interview schedules; collect data; and analyze and interpret the findings with a qualitative design, if necessary.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 2619. Race and Religion in Film. (4 Hours)

Explores how relationships between historical and contemporary representations of African Americans, other persons of the African Diaspora, and the continent of Africa have been presented in film in relation to religious themes. An interdisciplinary study in how race and religion are represented in ways that reflect and actively contribute to “real world” faith beliefs, experiences, and actions. Critically examines how representations of “the Other” compared to “the chosen” relate to the intersectionality of race, religion, class, national origin, gender, sex, and sexuality. Provides a framework for ethical analysis of how societal institutionalized systems of power influence beliefs about racialized identities and religion.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 2690. Boston in Literature. (4 Hours)

Explores the various ways in which the city of Boston and its environs are represented in literature and other media. Each semester, the course focuses on a different aspect of Boston in literature, such as representations of Boston’s different communities, different historical eras, particular genres or concepts associated with the city, and so forth. Offers students an opportunity to build upon their readings about the city by experiencing independent site visits, class field trips, guest speakers, and other activities. In addition to a culminating group or individual research project about Boston, students may also have the opportunity to participate in a community-based reading project. AFAM 2690 and ENGL 2690 are cross-listed.

Prerequisite(s): ENGL 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGL 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Integration Experience, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 2900. Swahili, Culture, and Politics in Kenya. (4 Hours)

Introduces and immerses students in Kenyan African culture, the Swahili language and politics, and studies their impact on the everyday life of the local population. Offers students an opportunity to learn Swahili, which is the national language of Kenya; its use in a context of varied indigenous languages; and cultural dynamics. Exposes students to the major issues that characterize everyday life in rural and urban settings through visits to and stays in the rural areas and transect walks in villages and urban communities. Students visit projects run by community-based organizations, observing the everyday life of ordinary Kenyans and attending formal and informal classes and settings on Swahili language, culture, and the local politics.

Attribute(s): NUpath Integration Experience

AFCS 2973. Topics in Africana Studies. (4 Hours)

Introduces specific topics in Africana studies as selected by the instructor. Topics will vary. May be taken once for a maximum of 8 semester hours.

AFCS 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

AFCS 2991. Research Practicum. (2-4 Hours)

Involves students in collaborative research under the supervision of a faculty member. Offers students an opportunity to learn basic research methods in the discipline. Requires permission of instructor. May be repeated once for up to 4 total credits.

AFCS 3120. Race, Crime, and Justice. (4 Hours)

Provides students with an overview of the role and treatment of racial/ethnic minorities in the criminal justice system. Covers historical and theoretical frameworks for understanding the relationship between race, crime, and criminal justice. In so doing, students become familiar with trends and patterns in criminal offending by racial/ethnic minorities, as well as system response to such behavior.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity

AFCS 3210. Black Abolition Studies: Carcerality, Liberation, and Resistance. (4 Hours)

Analyzes how Black people have resisted carcerality in social and political organizing from the 16th century to the present. Explores historical understandings of abolition as the end of slavery and the current abolition project of ending prisons, policing, and other institutions that are shaped by the legacy of slavery. Offers students an opportunity to critically analyze and engage contemporary social movements and political discourse in their everyday lives. Topics include the Haitian Revolution, maroon communities, 19th-century slavery abolitionists, anti-lynching organizing, chain gangs, Black political prisoners, contemporary carceral abolition, and abolitionist texts and films.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity

AFCS 3305. Beyond the Binary: Race, Sex, and Science. (4 Hours)

Considers how gender, race, and sexuality have been treated in science, focusing primarily on the 19th and 20th centuries. Examines the history of ideas about gender, race, and sexuality as reflected in fields such as biology, psychology, endocrinology, and neuroscience. Discusses contraceptive and reproductive technologies, pharmaceutical trials, the gendering of scientific professions, and recent studies that use algorithmic predictions of sex or sexual orientation. Uses close reading techniques and discussions to advance student expertise.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 3323. Race, Inequality, and the Law. (4 Hours)

Examines the relationship between and material impact of race, public policies, and the administration of justice in the United States. Explores the ways the American legal system and political institutions have constructed and reinvented racial categories and their legal and social implications over time. Emphasizes the legacy of this legal history by examining how race and racial inequities intersect with contemporary public policy and social justice issues, including educational equity, employment discrimination, policing, and technology.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 3404. African American Rhetorical Traditions. (4 Hours)

Examines and organizes the ways that African Americans have historically maintained their humanity and negotiated freedom through discourse. Explores various discursive practices of African American discourse communities—such as the enslaved, abolitionists, feminists, nationalist/revolutionaries, and entertainers—to engage discussions about freedom, access to democracy, racial uplift, gender equity, and the discursive and recursive nature of racial identity. Studies historical contexts and current sociopolitical dynamics emphasizing the Black Jeremiad, civil rights rhetoric, the Black Power Movement, Black Feminist Thought, and Hip-Hop.

Prerequisite(s): ENGW 1102 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 3424. Epidemiology of Pandemic Diseases and Health Disparities in the African Diaspora. (4 Hours)

Examines the epidemiology and determinants of diseases and the public health practice among continental African peoples and African-derived populations in the Americas and elsewhere in the African Diaspora. Emphasizes such epidemic diseases as malaria, yellow fever, tuberculosis, smallpox, the current AIDS pandemic, obesity, and cancer. The course also aims to critically address the breadth of factors behind these pandemics, such as socioeconomic, political, health system, behavioral, and genetic. A cross-cutting theme throughout the course is the entrenched health disparities in society.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 3512. Religion, Race, and Politics. (4 Hours)

Engages the intersections of religion, race, and political power through cultural history, ethnography, and lived religions. Explores the social and cultural categories of our historical and contemporary worlds. Examines how some peoples’ histories have been centered, while others' histories have been marginalized. Explores religion as a social category that reproduces existing relations of power while alternatively supporting social revolution and change. Class engagements are centered on theories of power, understandings of difference, and changes in social structures over time, from the colonial period to the present (1500s–2000s).

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 3664. Black Poetry and the Spoken Word. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the black poet’s place in the history of American poetry. Considers black poetry as both written words and spoken words.

Prerequisite(s): ENGL 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGL 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 with a minimum grade of C

AFCS 3900. Gender and Black World Literatures. (4 Hours)

Explores different aspects of the literary and cultural productions of black women throughout history. Examines writing by women in the United States—like Octavia Butler, Zora Neale Hurston, and Toni Morrison—in addition to writing by women across the global African diaspora—like Chimamanda Adichie and Jamaica Kincaid. Students may also engage with theories such as Black feminism, womanism, or intersectionality; consider issues of genre such as the novel, poetry, or science fiction; and explore key themes such as class, sexuality, and disability. AFRS 3900, WMNS 3900, and ENGL 3900 are cross-listed.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for course taken at other academic institutions.

AFCS 4526. Afro-Asian Relations in the Americas. (4 Hours)

Examines the comparative racialization of Blacks and Asians in the Americas and relations between these communities. Introduces sociological theories of race/ethnicity, a chronology of Afro-Asian relations in the United States, and the impact of 1970s deindustrialization and post–1965 Asian immigration. Covers the internationalism of Black and Asian leaders (e.g., W.E.B. du Bois and Mao Tse-Tung) in the developing nations and the overlapping Civil Rights, Black Power, and Asian American movements.

Prerequisite(s): SOCL 1101 with a minimum grade of D- or ANTH 1101 with a minimum grade of D- or CRIM 1100 with a minimum grade of D- or HUSV 1101 with a minimum grade of D- or WMNS 1103 with a minimum grade of D- or POLS 1140 with a minimum grade of D- or POLS 1160 with a minimum grade of D-

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Societies/Institutions

AFCS 4588. Literature in Context. (4 Hours)

Places writers in the context of a special theme or specific geographic location; for example, students might discuss a group of writers influenced by their commitment to revolution or radical thinking, or in the context of a geographical national or regional setting (ie. Black France, Haiti and the Dominican Republic, Francophone West Africa).

Prerequisite(s): ENGL 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGL 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFCS 4700. Capstone. (4 Hours)

Offers students the opportunity to prepare a professional research project under the close supervision of a scholar interested in students’ particular research areas.

Attribute(s): NUpath Capstone Experience, NUpath Writing Intensive

AFCS 4939. Community Health, Culture, and Development in Kenya. (4 Hours)

Introduces the community health and development arena in Kenya. Community development has been presented as the panacea to many of Africa’s problems, including leadership, democracy, conflict, disease, and poverty. Through teaching, research, and action, the course seeks to expose and sensitize students to the global and local debate on poverty, primary healthcare, and community development. Offers students an opportunity to gain hands-on experiences in some of the major determinants and solutions to poverty and disease by interacting with community stakeholders and organizations in a variety of cultural, rural, and urban settings and through visits to, and participating in, projects run by community-based organizations.

Attribute(s): NUpath Integration Experience

AFCS 4973. Topics in African American Studies. (4 Hours)

Offers focused analysis of a special topic in African American studies. Course content may vary from term to term. May be repeated up to three times.

AFCS 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

AFCS 4991. Research. (4 Hours)

Offers an opportunity to conduct research under faculty supervision.

Attribute(s): NUpath Integration Experience

AFCS 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

AFCS 5001. Special Topics in Race and the Law. (4 Hours)

Explores the various questions, relationships, and connections between the law and racial issues and concepts. Each offering focuses on a special topic such as reparations, civil rights, gender, or the environment and energy policies. May be repeated up to three times for a maximum of 16 credits.

AFCS 5544. Seminar in Black Leadership. (4 Hours)

Offers students an opportunity to conduct in-depth studies of significant black leaders—male and female—in a wide range of fields. Focuses on black leadership in the political arena as elected officials; leaders of pressure groups; leaders of protest organizations, black nationalist organizations, and feminist/womanist groups; and as advisers to political parties and presidential administrations.

AFCS 6962. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

AFRS 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AFRS 2392. African Diaspora. (4 Hours)

Explores the creation and transformation of the African Diaspora—connections among communities of African descent in either Africa, the Americas, Europe, and/or Asia—from 1500 to the present. Emphasizes connections among themes of migration, identity, and popular culture with a special focus on 20th- and 21st-century contributions.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

AFRS 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AFRS 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AFRS 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AMSL 1101. Elementary ASL 1. (4 Hours)

Introduces students to American Sign Language (ASL). Students develop expressive and receptive competence in using ASL to fulfill various social functions (such as introductions, explanations of personal history, and descriptions of simple narratives). Additional topics include the use of signing space and further use of nonmanual components including facial expression and body postures.

AMSL 1102. Elementary ASL 2. (4 Hours)

Continues AMSL 1101. Continues development of expressive and receptive competence in using American Sign Language to fulfill various social functions (such as introductions, explanations of personal history, and descriptions of simple narratives). Emphasizes further development of receptive and expressive skills, finger spelling, vocabulary building, grammatical structures; encourages more extensive use of nonmanual behaviors, classifiers, body postures, and signing space. Students are also introduced to regional and ethnic sign variations and political and educational institutions of the Deaf community.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 1101 with a minimum grade of D-

AMSL 1511. ASL Classifiers. (4 Hours)

Seeks to improve understanding of and use of ASL classifiers, including appropriate nonmanual grammatical features and other nonmanual markers. Discusses classifier hand shapes and how movement, location, and orientation of classifiers affect meaning in ASL. Covers eight types of ASL classifiers: semantic, instrumental, descriptive, locative, plural, body part, sport, and elemental. Offers students an opportunity to build on existing classifier vocabulary and eventually use an expanded range of classifiers to express narratives.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 1101 with a minimum grade of D-

AMSL 1512. ASL Numbers and Fingerspelling. (4 Hours)

Offers students an opportunity to improve receptive and expressive skills in the specific areas of ASL fingerspelling and ASL numbers. Includes a brief history of fingerspelling. Focuses on strategies for understanding fingerspelling/word phrases and number recognition; recognizing number patterns (e.g., ordinal and cardinal numbers, height, age, time); and additional strategies for understanding and using numbers and fingerspelling in context. Uses drills to improve speed, clarity, and fluency skills.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 1102 with a minimum grade of C-

AMSL 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AMSL 2101. Intermediate ASL 1. (4 Hours)

Continues the student’s development of expressive and receptive competence in using American Sign Language to fulfill various communicative functions, such as making and responding to inquiries, constructing and comprehending narratives, and engaging in debates. Students also continue to expand their ASL lexicon.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 1102 with a minimum grade of C ; DEAF 1500 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C

AMSL 2102. Intermediate ASL 2. (4 Hours)

Continues AMSL 2101. Emphasizes further development of receptive and expressive skills, finger spelling, vocabulary building, grammatical structures; encourages more extensive use of nonmanual behaviors, classifiers, body postures, and signing space. Continues exposure to regional and ethnic sign variations and political and educational institutions of Deaf people. Offers intensive practice involving expressive and receptive skills in storytelling and dialogue. Introduces language forms used in American Sign Language poetry and the features of culture as they are displayed in art.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 2101 with a minimum grade of D-

AMSL 2900. Specialized Instruction in ASL. (1-4 Hours)

Designed for individuals whose language skills are at the intermediate level and who seek specially focused language instruction. Such instruction might be the use of the language in specific settings (e.g., media, medical, legal, mental health), or it might be focused on specific conversational nuances of the language. May be repeated without limit.

AMSL 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AMSL 3101. Advanced ASL 1. (4 Hours)

Focuses on continued development of syntactic competence in American Sign Language with particular attention to the use of ASL in formal discourse. Also focuses on lexical semantics and semantic equivalents for multiple meaning English lexical items.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 2102 with a minimum grade of D-

AMSL 3102. Advanced ASL 2. (4 Hours)

Continues AMSL 3101. Focuses on further development and refinement of American Sign Language competence in various discourse settings, predominantly formal and consultative. Continues development of lexical semantics and uses individual diagnostic assessment of ASL competence to determine individual competency goals.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 3101 with a minimum grade of D-

AMSL 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AMSL 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

AMSL 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to American Sign Language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

AMSL 5901. Gallaudet University Program. (20 Hours)

Offers students an opportunity to study at an officially bilingual university, with American Sign Language and English used for instruction and by the university.

ARAB 1101. Elementary Arabic 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of Modern Standard Arabic. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Uses practical vocabulary drawn from realistic situations, and aims at good pronunciation and ease in response. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with various audio-visual resources.

ARAB 1102. Elementary Arabic 2. (4 Hours)

Continues ARAB 1101. Reviews and continues the study of grammar and basic language skills. Offers progressively more intensive practice in oral and written communication. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with various audio-visual resources.

Prerequisite(s): ARAB 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or ARAB 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

ARAB 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 2101. Intermediate Arabic 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current standard Arabic materials.

Prerequisite(s): ARAB 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or ARAB 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

ARAB 2102. Intermediate Arabic 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on ARAB 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current standard Arabic materials.

Prerequisite(s): (ARAB 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or ARAB 2301 with a minimum grade of C- )

ARAB 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 3101. Advanced Arabic 1. (4 Hours)

Continues development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to further develop grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): ARAB 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or ARAB 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

ARAB 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 1101. Elementary Chinese 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who have very little or no prior knowledge of Chinese. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Each lesson incorporates helpful information about daily life in China and the varied cultures within the world of Chinese speakers. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources. Focuses on Mandarin Chinese; students who wish to speak another dialect of Chinese should consult instructor for proper placement.

CHNS 1102. Elementary Chinese 2. (4 Hours)

Continues CHNS 1101. Reviews and continues the study of grammar and basic language skills. Offers progressively more intensive practice in oral and written communication. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 1944. Cultural Engagement: Dialogue of Civilizations. (4 Hours)

Engages students on-site with the culture(s) of Chinese-speaking regions and/or communities. Emphasizes the complexity, transnationalism, and interdisciplinary nature of culture(s). Employs a range of methodological approaches to describe and analyze how cultural practices, objects, texts, and meanings are created, distributed, and exchanged within particular social groups or geographic areas. Explores questions of cultural identity, meaning, representation, policy formations, and ideologies. In addition to regular in-class lectures and activities, offers students an opportunity to engage in a dialogue with members of the local communities about their perspectives on relevant cultural topics and everyday experiences. May be repeated once. Conducted in English.

CHNS 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 2101. Intermediate Chinese 1. (4 Hours)

Seeks to consolidate the foundation built in elementary Chinese courses. Offers students an opportunity to develop higher oral proficiency, as well as reading and writing skills. Requires students to perform various tasks, such as describing, comparing, and narrating, in culturally appropriate ways.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 2102. Intermediate Chinese 2. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes vocabulary building and mastery of fine points of grammar through written compositions, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussions of material from everyday life to situate language learning in authentic contexts.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 2301 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 1502 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 2301. Intermediate Chinese Immersion 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Chinese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence. Focuses on oral and aural skills that are enhanced by the immersion environment.

CHNS 2302. Intermediate Chinese Immersion 2. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Chinese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence. Focuses on oral and aural skills that are enhanced by the immersion environment.

CHNS 2900. Specialized Instruction in Chinese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 3101. Advanced Chinese 1. (4 Hours)

Stresses the fundamentals of Chinese to promote effective self-expression through speaking and writing and to explore the idiomatic aspects of the language. Through progressive class discussions and oral and written commentaries, students analyze a contemporary Chinese novel or a Chinese cultural reader, screenplay, or collection of short stories. The course strives, first, to help students read and comprehend modern Chinese writing with confidence and to be able to talk and write about it in good Chinese; and second, to provide preparation for advanced courses.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 2102 with a minimum grade of D- or CHNS 2302 with a minimum grade of D-

CHNS 3102. Advanced Chinese 2. (4 Hours)

Continues CHNS 3101. Designed to enhance and reinforce the practical language and communication skills that students employ when they are abroad. Offers students an opportunity to participate in service-learning experiences.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 3301. Advanced Chinese Immersion 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Chinese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence.

CHNS 3302. Advanced Chinese Immersion 2. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Chinese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence.

CHNS 3800. Special Topics in Chinese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Chinese language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 3900. Specialized Instruction in Chinese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 4800. Special Topics in Chinese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Chinese language and culture for advanced Chinese-language learners. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

DEAF 1500. Deaf People in Society. (4 Hours)

Focuses on Deaf communities as linguistic and cultural minorities. Topics include perspectives on Deaf communities; attitudes toward Deaf people and sign languages, technology, and communication; the contributions of Deaf people to society; professional and social organizations of and for Deaf people; Deaf clubs as a locus of Deaf culture; communication issues; perspectives on legislation affecting the Deaf Community; legislative and political concerns of the Deaf Community; and the impact of educational options for Deaf children. Also covers the diverse intersectional identities comprising the American Deaf Community due to language use (multilingual), race, gender, class, and multicultural experiences. Discusses the impact of audism, racism, and many other -isms.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

DEAF 1550. Dynamics of the Deaf/Blind Community: Culture, History, and Communication. (4 Hours)

Explores the multidimensional aspects of the Deaf/Blind community, culture, communication, and history (dynamics of how society has handled individuals who are Deaf/Blind). Topics are studied from the Deaf/Blind perspective and include oppression and its power structures; empowerment vs. “rescue or fix it”; the loss of sight and its impact on communication; and learning about empathy and the courage of vulnerability. Explores Deaf/Blind culture and the grieving process as an ongoing component of life; different types of Deaf/Blindness and diverse styles of communication; and mobility issues and maintaining independence. A brief introduction to sighted guide techniques and technology available.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 1102 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C-

DEAF 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

DEAF 2500. Deaf History and Culture. (4 Hours)

Surveys the history and culture of the American Deaf community and Deaf people in the Western world. Focuses on educational, political, and technological forces and events that have positively and negatively affected the American Deaf community. Focuses on the American Deaf community as a linguistic and cultural minority. Also examines contemporary values and factors that shape and define the diverse American Deaf community and compares and contrasts American Deaf cultural values with those of American society in general.

Prerequisite(s): DEAF 1500 with a minimum grade of D

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

DEAF 2700. ASL Linguistics. (4 Hours)

Introduces the basic issues in linguistics by examining the structural properties of American Sign Language. Includes phonology (formational properties of signs); morphology (word formation, rules, derivation, inflection, complex verbs, classifiers, and verb modulations); semantics (the meaning structure of signs); and syntax (the structure of ASL utterances in terms of old vs. new information and the structure of ASL narratives). Examines sociolinguistic variation of ASL usage (such as region, age, and Black ASL), as well as language attitudes and change over time.

Prerequisite(s): (LING 1150 with a minimum grade of D- or ENGL 1150 with a minimum grade of D- ); (ENGL 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGL 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C ); AMSL 1102 with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Writing Intensive

DEAF 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

DEAF 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

DEAF 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

FLNG 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

FLNG 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

FLNG 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

FRNH 1101. Elementary French 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of French. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Each lesson incorporates helpful information about daily life in France and the varied cultures within the world of French speakers. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

FRNH 1102. Elementary French 2. (4 Hours)

Continues FRNH 1101. Reviews and continues the study of grammar and basic language skills. Offers progressively more intensive practice in oral and written communication. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 1280. French Film and Culture. (4 Hours)

Provides an introduction to some of the qualities that have made French film one of the great national cinemas. Focuses on both form and content; relates outstanding directors’ major works to the French culture and society of their period. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

FRNH 1973. Special Topics in Francophone Culture. (4 Hours)

Explores in-depth a specific topic related to Francophone culture, literature, and/or language. Taught in English. May be repeated twice.

FRNH 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

FRNH 2101. Intermediate French 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building and mastery of fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current French periodicals.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 2102. Intermediate French 2. (4 Hours)

Continues FRNH 2101. Stresses the fundamentals of French to promote effective self-expression through speaking and writing and to explore the idiomatic aspects of the language. Through progressive class discussions and oral and written commentaries, students analyze a contemporary French novel or a French cultural reader, screenplay, or collection of short stories. Strives to help students read and comprehend modern French writing with confidence, and to be able to talk and write about it in good French. Provides preparation for advanced courses.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 2301 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 2900. Specialized Instruction in French. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 1102 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

FRNH 3101. Advanced French 1. (4 Hours)

Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 2302 with a minimum grade of C- or French Placement Test with a score of 411

FRNH 3102. Advanced French 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on FRNH 3101 and continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 3601. The Structure of French. (4 Hours)

Introduces the basic principles of linguistic analysis by examining the structure of modern French. Emphasizes descriptive (and not prescriptive) analysis of the phonetic, phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic characteristics of modern French in its everyday use.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 4800 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 3800. Special Topics in French. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of French language and culture. May be repeated up to twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 3900. Specialized Instruction in French. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

FRNH 4800. Special Topics in French. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of French language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 4944. Cultural Engagement: Dialogue of Civilizations. (4 Hours)

Engages students on-site with the culture(s) and the communities of French-speaking regions. Emphasizes the complexity, transnationalism, and interdisciplinary nature of culture(s). Employs a range of methodological approaches to describe and analyze how cultural practices, objects, texts, and meanings are created, distributed, and exchanged within particular social groups or geographic areas. Explores questions of cultural identity, meaning, representation, policy formations, and ideologies. In addition to regular in-class lectures and activities, offers students an opportunity to engage in dialogue with members of the local communities about their perspectives on relevant cultural topics and everyday experiences. May be repeated once. Conducted in French.

Prerequisite(s): FRNH 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or FRNH 4800 with a minimum grade of C-

FRNH 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

FRNH 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

FRNH 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 1101. Elementary German 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of German. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Each lesson incorporates helpful information about daily life in German. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

GRMN 1102. Elementary German 2. (4 Hours)

Continues GRMN 1101. Includes completion of basic grammatical usage, reading of contemporary German material, and increased stress on oral and aural skills.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 1301 with a minimum grade of C- or German Placement Test with a score of 126

GRMN 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 2101. Intermediate German 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary German materials.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 1302 with a minimum grade of C- or German Placement Test with a score of 226

GRMN 2102. Intermediate German 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on GRMN 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary German materials.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 2301 with a minimum grade of C-

GRMN 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 3101. Advanced German 1. (4 Hours)

Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 2302 with a minimum grade of C- or German Placement Test with a score of 411

GRMN 3102. Advanced German 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on GRMN 3101 and continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

GRMN 3800. Special Topics in German. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of German language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

GRMN 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 1101. Elementary Hebrew 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with little or no prior knowledge of Hebrew. Presents a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Uses practical vocabulary drawn from realistic situations, and aims at good pronunciation and ease in response.

HBRW 1102. Elementary Hebrew 2. (4 Hours)

Continues HBRW 1101. Includes continued focus on oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Expands functional and practical vocabulary base drawn from realistic situations and focuses on grammatical accuracy. Continues to focus on good pronunciation and ease of response.

Prerequisite(s): HBRW 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or HBRW 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

HBRW 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 2101. Intermediate Hebrew 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Hebrew materials.

Prerequisite(s): HBRW 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or HBRW 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

HBRW 2102. Intermediate Hebrew 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on HBRW 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Hebrew materials.

Prerequisite(s): (HBRW 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or HBRW 2301 with a minimum grade of C- )

HBRW 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

INTP 1000. American Sign Language at Northeastern. (1 Hour)

Intended for freshmen and transfer students in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities who have interest in the ASL-English interpreting major and combined majors. Introduces freshmen to the liberal arts in general, campus and program resources, and the diverse makeup of the American Deaf Community. Offers students an opportunity to develop the academic skills necessary to become a successful university student (analytical ability and critical thinking); obtain grounding in the culture and values of the university community; and develop interpersonal skills.

INTP 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

INTP 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

INTP 3500. The Interpreting Profession. (2 Hours)

Presents an overview of the ASL–English interpreting profession. Discusses the emergence of sign language interpretation and translation; the responsibilities, ethics, and aptitudes of interpreters; professional associations; the bilingual and bicultural context; basic translation and interpretation; environments where interpreters work; special populations; and professional interpreter certifications.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 2101 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C

INTP 3510. Interpreting Inquiry Texts. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the practical skills required for effective translation and interpretation in dialogue-type inquiry texts (job interviews, case histories, and applications). Presents an overview of linguistic and sociolinguistic features and situational aspects of inquiry texts. Introduces theoretical models of interpretation to students’ development of analytic and cognitive skills, in order that they may effectively identify message meaning and manage the cognitive processes of message transfer. Introduces intralingual translation and text analysis techniques. Offers students an opportunity to develop skills in translation, consecutive interpretation, and simultaneous interpretation and to gain decision-making skills and strategies to achieve cross-culturally effective and appropriate message mediation in contexts where interactive inquiry texts occur.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 2102 with a minimum grade of D-

INTP 3515. Interpreting Narrative Texts. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the translation and interpretation of narrative texts (personal narratives, storytelling) and the development of strategic decision-making skills within the context of narrative texts. Presents an overview of linguistic and sociolinguistic features and situational aspects of narrative texts. Guides students in building cognitive processes and skills in translation, consecutive interpretation, simultaneous interpretation, and team interpretation. Offers students an opportunity to develop the decision-making skills needed for achieving cross-cultural, cross-linguistic message mediation in these settings.

Prerequisite(s): INTP 3510 with a minimum grade of D-

INTP 3550. Interpreting Scripted Texts. (4 Hours)

Guides students through the process of analyzing and interpreting frozen texts (plays, poems, and ceremonial scripts), from first read-through to final interpreted rendering of the performed text. Interpreting for theatrical or otherwise scripted communication is markedly different from other forms of interpreting. The availability of a script, ample time to rehearse, and the possibility of feedback makes this a hybrid practice—part interpreting, part translation, and part performance. Offers students an opportunity to learn how to analyze scripts for both content and interpreting issues; how to solve production problems of logistics, placement, and lighting; and how to interpret a series of performances for the Deaf Community. This course is offered in conjunction with or in advance of a theatre department production or other performed text.

Prerequisite(s): AMSL 2102 with a minimum grade of D- ; (ENGL 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGL 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C )

Attribute(s): NUpath Writing Intensive

INTP 3970. Research Methods for Interpreting and Translation. (4 Hours)

Offers an overview of research methodologies in interpreting and translation studies for students preparing for research capstone projects. Focuses on foundational theoretical knowledge and skills in research design, hypothesis testing, sampling and measurement, research ethics with deaf populations, as well as basic data analysis and interpretation. Offers students an opportunity to evaluate current literature in the discipline, write a project proposal to plan a research study or community-based project, and link social science research methods to sign language interpreting and translation practice.

Prerequisite(s): INTP 3500 with a minimum grade of C

Attribute(s): NUpath Analyzing/Using Data, NUpath Writing Intensive

INTP 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

INTP 4510. Interpreting Expository Texts. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the interpretation of expository texts (lectures, procedural texts) and the development of strategic decision-making skills within the context of expository texts. Presents an overview of linguistic and sociolinguistic features and situational aspects of expository texts. Reinforces models of interpretation in students’ practical development of analytic and cognitive skills, in order that they may effectively identify and transfer message meaning. Offers students an opportunity to further develop the cognitive processes and team interpretation skills to manage temporal constraints of simultaneous interpretation and to develop and apply the decision-making skills needed for achieving cross-cultural, cross-linguistic message mediation in these settings.

Prerequisite(s): INTP 3515 with a minimum grade of D-

INTP 4515. Interpreting Persuasive Texts. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the interpretation of persuasive texts (solicitation, political speeches) and the development of strategic decision-making skills within the context of persuasive texts. Presents an overview of linguistic and sociolinguistic features and situational aspects of persuasive texts. Offers students an opportunity to advance their analytic and cognitive skills for effectively identifying persuasive intent and meaning, in order to render accurate message transfer. Students practice and apply the cognitive processes and skills involved in translation, consecutive interpretation, and simultaneous interpretation with a goal of achieving effective cross-cultural, cross-linguistic message mediation in these settings.

Prerequisite(s): INTP 4510 with a minimum grade of D-

INTP 4650. Ethical Decision Making. (4 Hours)

Explores ethical standards and dilemmas in American Sign Language-English interpreting and other professions through discussions, hypothetical situations, and role-playing. Topics include culturally objective standards, ethics and professional principles, power relations within groups, and the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf (RID) code of ethics. Compares various alternatives (i.e., consequence-based ethics) to a duty-based approach to the RID code and draws upon ethical fieldwork experience to analyze the principles that guide ethical decision making among professional interpreters.

Prerequisite(s): INTP 3515 with a minimum grade of C

Corequisite(s): INTP 4651

Attribute(s): NUpath Ethical Reasoning

INTP 4651. Ethical Fieldwork. (2 Hours)

Comprises the fieldwork component of INTP 4650. Places students in practical interpreting experiences in educational settings, agencies serving Deaf people, and with freelance interpreters. Focuses on ethical questions and dilemmas and decision making in a bi-weekly seminar format. Requires students to maintain a log and participate in online discussions. Fulfills the experiential education requirement for ASL majors.

Prerequisite(s): INTP 3515 with a minimum grade of D-

Corequisite(s): INTP 4650

INTP 4940. Interpreting Research Capstone. (4 Hours)

Requires students to undertake a research project focused on some aspect of American Sign Language-English interpretation. Students work individually or in research teams (with approval). In consultation with a faculty advisor, students select a research question, design and implement the data collection component of the project, analyze results, and write up their research findings. In addition to a written report, students also present their research results to ASL majors and community stakeholders at an annual ASL research symposium.

Prerequisite(s): INTP 3970 (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of B-

Attribute(s): NUpath Capstone Experience, NUpath Writing Intensive

INTP 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

INTP 4995. Interpreting Practicum. (4 Hours)

Places students in practical interpreting experiences in educational settings, agencies serving Deaf people, and with freelance interpreters. Requires students to record a set number of hours interpreting with supervision and analyze their work with the supervising interpreter. Students maintain a log, participate in discussions, present case studies drawn from their supervised work experience in seminars, and create a professional development plan for postgraduation. Fulfills the experiential education requirement for ASL majors.

Prerequisite(s): INTP 4651 with a minimum grade of S or INTP 4651 with a minimum grade of D-

Attribute(s): NUpath Integration Experience

ITLN 1101. Elementary Italian 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of Italian. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Each lesson incorporates helpful information about daily life in Italy and the varied cultures within the world of Italian speakers. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

ITLN 1102. Elementary Italian 2. (4 Hours)

Continues ITLN 1101. Reviews and continues the study of grammar and basic language skills. Offers progressively more intensive practice in oral and written communication. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 1251. Dante’s "Inferno" and Medieval Italian Culture. (4 Hours)

Presents an overview of Dante’s "Commedia," with a focus on the first book, "Inferno." Explores the descending levels of hell, analyzing the historical and cultural context of Dante's time, including political events and social structures. Examines theological concepts such as sin, punishment, redemption, and the afterlife from the perspective of Christian theology. Through the literary analysis of selected chapters (canti), evaluates the potential relevance of the poem to the modern human condition and to the reader's own experiences. Taught in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Ethical Reasoning, NUpath Interpreting Culture

ITLN 1290. Realism and Modernism in Italian Film. (4 Hours)

Examines the significance of postwar Italian cinema as a crucial platform for cultural expression by exploring some of the most influential films and directors from the neorealism era to the 1970s. Analyzes neorealism film, considering its role in empowering marginalized groups and reshaping Italy's cinematic landscape. Explores how issues such as class divisions, culture conflicts, and ideological debates are portrayed in films, with the aim of influencing and redefining Italian unity and identity. Investigates the sociocultural repercussions of the economic boom of the 1950s and 1960s, particularly in the transition toward modernism in cinema. Offers students an opportunity to appreciate the aesthetic expressions within Italian cinema and to explore the connection between film styles and practices with their historical and cultural contexts. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

ITLN 1973. Special Topics in Italian Culture. (4 Hours)

Presents an in-depth exploration of aspects of Italian cultural, social, and intellectual history, which could include literature, philosophy, art, education, politics, gender, and society. Emphasizes critical analysis of primary and secondary sources, historical context, and interdisciplinary perspectives to deepen students’ understanding of Italy's rich heritage and its place within global intellectual discourse. Themes and topics vary. Taught in English. May be repeated twice.

ITLN 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 2101. Intermediate Italian 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building and mastery of fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current Italian periodicals.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 2102. Intermediate Italian 2. (4 Hours)

Continues ITLN 2101. Emphasizes further vocabulary building and mastery of fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current Italian periodicals.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 2301 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 3101. Advanced Italian 1. (4 Hours)

Stresses the fundamentals of Italian to promote effective self-expression through speaking and writing and to explore the idiomatic aspects of the language. Through progressive class discussions and oral and written commentaries, students analyze a contemporary Italian novel or a Italian cultural reader, screenplay, or collection of short stories. The course strives, first, to help students read and comprehend modern Italian writing with confidence and to be able to talk and write about it in good Italian; and second, to provide preparation for advanced courses.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 3102. Advanced Italian 2. (4 Hours)

Continues ITLN 3101. Enhances and reinforces language and communication skills that students encounter when they are abroad.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 4991. Research. (4 Hours)

Offers an opportunity to conduct research under faculty supervision. May be repeated without limit.

Attribute(s): NUpath Integration Experience

ITLN 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 1101. Elementary Japanese 1. (4 Hours)

Introduces basic grammar, sentence patterns, and vocabulary of Japanese with emphasis on spoken Japanese. Includes an introduction to the hiragana and katakana syllabaries in the written component. Designed for students with no previous knowledge of Japanese.

JPNS 1102. Elementary Japanese 2. (4 Hours)

Continues JPNS 1101. Emphasizes the development of oral skills; secondary emphasis is on reading. Offers students the opportunity to learn basic grammatical patterns, expand vocabulary, and improve communication skills in modern Japanese. Includes the introduction to kanji characters in the written component.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 1944. Cultural Engagement: Dialogue of Civilizations. (4 Hours)

Engages students on-site with the culture(s) of Japanese-speaking regions and/or communities. Emphasizes the complexity, transnationalism, and interdisciplinary nature of culture(s). Employs a range of methodological approaches to describe and analyze how cultural practices, objects, texts, and meanings are created, distributed, and exchanged within particular social groups or geographic areas. Explores questions of cultural identity, meaning, representation, policy formations, and ideologies. In addition to regular in-class lectures and activities, offers students an opportunity to engage in a dialogue with members of the local communities about their perspectives on relevant cultural topics and everyday experiences. May be repeated once. Conducted in English.

JPNS 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 2101. Intermediate Japanese 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Japanese materials.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 2102. Intermediate Japanese 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on JPNS 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Japanese materials.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 2301 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 2301. Intermediate Japanese Immersion 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Japanese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence. Focuses on oral and aural skills that are enhanced by the immersion environment.

JPNS 2302. Intermediate Japanese Immersion 2. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Japanese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence. Focuses on oral and aural skills that are enhanced by the immersion environment.

JPNS 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 3101. Advanced Japanese 1. (4 Hours)

Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 3102. Advanced Japanese 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on JPNS 3101 and continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 3301. Advanced Japanese Immersion 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Japanese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence.

JPNS 3302. Advanced Japanese Immersion 2. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Japanese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence.

JPNS 3800. Special Topics in Japanese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Japanese language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

KORE 1101. Elementary Korean 1. (4 Hours)

Begins the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of daily life, social norms, and family structure in Korea. Designed for students with little or no knowledge of Korean.

KORE 1102. Elementary Korean 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on KORE 1101 and continues the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the linguistic, cultural, and geographic diversity of the Korean peninsula.

Prerequisite(s): KORE 1101 with a minimum grade of C-

KORE 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

KORE 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

KORE 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

KORE 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

KORE 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated up to three times.

KORE 6962. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

CLTR 1000. Cultures, Societies, and Global Studies at Northeastern. (1 Hour)

Introduces first-year students in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities to the liberal arts in general. Seeks to familiarize them with their major, to help them develop the academic skills necessary to succeed (analytical ability and critical thinking), to provide grounding in the culture and values of the university community, to help them develop interpersonal skills, and to familiarize them with all skills needed to become a successful university student.

CLTR 1120. Introduction to Languages, Literature, and Culture. (4 Hours)

Examines the rich interconnections between literature and language and the culture that supports them. Discusses the relationship of language to literature and investigates how language and literatures are embedded in culture. Addresses several very broad and important questions, such as the relationship between language and culture; the relationship between language and thought; the definition of cultural relativism; and how ethical dilemmas are expressed in different cultures. Explores the relationship of esthetic and rhetorical traditions in given languages to the culture from which they sprang. In this context, examines the extremely interesting case of American Sign Language and how a gestural language sheds light on these issues.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 1240. Latin American Film. (4 Hours)

Examines contemporary works of cinematography in Latin America, focusing on the culture and imagery of the Spanish-, French-, and Portuguese-speaking peoples of the Western hemisphere, including the United States. Critically engages—from a technical (cinematographic), genre, and sociohistorical perspective—topics of history, memory, and cultural resiliency; colonialism, racism, and patriarchy; dictatorship, revolution, and democratization; and nationalism, dependency, and globalization. Conducted in English; most films are in French, Portuguese, or Spanish with English subtitles.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 1260. Japanese Film. (4 Hours)

Provides an introduction to Japanese film through works by such great masters as Kurosawa, Mizoguchi, and Ozu, as well as works by new directors from the 1980s and 1990s such as Tami, Morita, and Suo. Studies both form and content; relates major works to Japanese culture. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 1500. Modern Chinese History and Culture. (4 Hours)

Introduces modern Chinese history and culture through literary works, films, and historical texts. Examines political, social, and cultural changes in China since 1800: the decline of empire; the New Culture Movement of the 1920s; the rise of nationalism and rural revolution; the changing roles of women; the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s; and China’s cinematic, literary, and economic engagement with the world since 1978. Taught in English and open to all undergraduates. CLTR 1500 and HIST 1500 are cross-listed.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

CLTR 1501. Introduction to French Culture. (4 Hours)

Explores contemporary France and French mentality through lectures, screenings, readings, and discussions. Topics covered include the modern vs. the traditional family, social reproduction, gender norms, culture and social distinction, the concept of “grandeur,” identity, and immigration. Offers students an opportunity to evaluate historical and sociological readings, films, documentaries, and TV commercials; to compare French and American systems; and to consider contemporary human and social behaviors in the face of globalization. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

CLTR 1502. Introduction to Arabic Culture. (4 Hours)

Designed to provide students with an in-depth survey of Arabic culture. Familiarizes students with the roots of one of the richest and oldest cultures but also seeks to satisfy their curiosity concerning certain social norms, patterns, and cultural traits in contemporary Arabic societies. Examines cultural manifestations ranging from the hijab (head covering), Jihad (holy struggle), human rights, polygamy, gender relations, public behavior, and many others by providing the historical backgrounds for these customs and traditions as well as exploring how they are now perceived in various Arab societies as well as in the West. Seeks to provide students with an appreciation for this multifaceted culture but most importantly a broad perspective on Arabic culture within the context of the universal human experience.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

CLTR 1503. Introduction to Italian Culture. (4 Hours)

Explores the construction of an Italian national cultural identity through a historical and cross-disciplinary perspective from the Middle Ages; the Renaissance; and the modern, post–WWII period. Organized into modules that focus on the major issues related to the idea of unity and division such as north and south divide, regionalism, language pluralism, fascism and dissent, criminal organizations, and migration. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 1504. Cultural History of Spain. (4 Hours)

Examines chronologically the forces that have forged Spanish culture and have made Spain the pluralistic society and multinational country it is today. Traces the development of the peoples of the Iberian Peninsula from prehistoric times to the present. Based primarily on the history of ideas, the arts, and architecture, incorporates history, sociology, anthropology, geography, economics, and politics. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

CLTR 1505. Latin American Culture, History, and Politics. (4 Hours)

Offers students an opportunity to learn about Latin American culture through the study of historical episodes such as colonization, independence, and dictatorships. Explores current issues including migration, globalization, and digital media. Examines writings by Latin American authors and selected films from Latin America. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

CLTR 1700. Introduction to Japanese Pop Culture. (4 Hours)

Provides an introduction to Japanese popular culture through critical analysis of mass media such as film, television, comics, and animation. Investigates various social and cultural issues, such as gender, family, and education. Films and videos supplement readings. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 1800. Introduction to Korean Pop Culture. (4 Hours)

Explores contemporary France and French mentality through lectures, screenings, readings, and discussions. Topics covered include the modern vs. the traditional family, social reproduction, gender norms, culture and social distinction, the concept of “grandeur,” identity, and immigration. Offers students an opportunity to evaluate historical and sociological readings, films, documentaries, and TV commercials; to compare French and American systems; and to consider contemporary human and social behaviors in the face of globalization. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CLTR 2001. World Cultures through Film. (4 Hours)

Introduces the study of world cinema from the past several decades as a form of artistic and cultural expression. Emphasizes the way that different ethnicities and cultures mix and even clash within national boundaries. Readings cover such topics as the postcolonial inheritance, immigration, the boundaries of class, the pressures of modernization, ethnic identities, and historical memory. Examines storytelling in its multicultural aspects and deals with the diverse influences of entertainment cinema and art cinema, as well as measures taken by countries to limit the influx of foreign films in order to protect their own cultural productivity. One overall concern of the course is the place of film in contemporary global culture.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

CLTR 2973. Special Topics. (4 Hours)

Offers intermediate-level study on a selected topic related to the interaction of a particular language with its literary or other cultural contexts. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours.

CLTR 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CLTR 3240. Social Justice in Latin American and Latinx Film. (4 Hours)

Examines issues in social justice in contemporary works of cinematography from Latin American and Latinx cultures. Critically engages—from a technical (cinematographic) and sociohistorical perspective—topics related to the representations of historically vulnerable populations, such as people of color, women, LGBTQIA+ persons, and indigenous peoples. Conducted in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 3418. Nationalism. (4 Hours)

Explores contending theories of identity and nationalism—a powerful force in international and domestic politics. Examines topics such as the process of identity creation, the choice of national symbols, how group boundaries are established, the role of identity in conflict and state building, and the debate over nationalism’s constructed or primordial nature. POLS 3418 and CLTR 3418 are cross-listed.

Prerequisite(s): POLS 1155 with a minimum grade of D- or POLS 1160 with a minimum grade of D-

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

CLTR 3715. New Narratives: Latin America after 1989. (4 Hours)

Focuses on film, literature, and new media. This course offers a panoramic view of the Latin American cultural production after 1989, attempting to characterize the variety of styles and trends. Relates the texts and movies to the socio, political, and economic issues of the moment, i.e., implementation of neoliberal democracies, globalization, neocolonialism, resistance, new social movements, etc. Also studies links between Latin America and the United States and between Latin America and Spain. Focuses on texts written by relatively young authors. Taught in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of D-

CLTR 3720. Literature, Arts, and Poverty in Latin America. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the construction, characteristics, and representation of poverty/the poor in Latin American texts from the thirties and sixties and in the works of contemporary Latin American writers and film directors. Discusses the relation of these works to a “realist tradition” by studying social, political, and cultural aspects of Latin America from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Considers whether we are facing a new kind of realism. Also engages the problem of representation, the “role of literature” (ethics and literature), and its relation with politics and the global economy (literature and the market) in the Latin American context. Taught in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of D-

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 3805. Culture, Politics, and Media in Spain. (4 Hours)

Offers an in-depth critical inquiry into the current debates in the public sphere in Spain focusing on the politics of culture and identity as they both inform and challenge the very foundations of a modern nation-state. Arguably the first political entity in modern times to have been constructed as a state unified under one religion, one people, and one monarch, Spain is today an early example of a growing tendency toward national fragmentation and disintegration. Examines the ways in which current events in Spain may be the presage to an ever more unstable world order. Considers the possibility of a higher state of global governance beyond the nation-state and empire. Taught in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

CLTR 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CLTR 4655. Latin American Literature. (4 Hours)

Offers an overview of the major trends in Latin American narrative, poetry, drama, and essays, from Bernal Diaz through Borges and Bolaño. Studies broad cultural and political contexts, especially the Cold War period and the impact of neoliberalism. Conducted in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2101 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of D-

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Writing Intensive

CLTR 4944. Cultural Engagement Abroad. (4 Hours)

Designed for a language-based Dialogue of Civilizations. Complements the intensive language course that students take while on a language-based Dialogue. Offers students an opportunity to obtain an in-depth knowledge of the contemporary culture(s) of the country of the Dialogue and how that culture differs from or is similar to contemporary American cultural values and practices. In addition to regular in-class lectures and activities, offers structured opportunities to engage in dialogue with businesspeople, scholars, educators, artists, government officials, journalists, students, senior citizens, and/or local residents about their perspectives on various topics and issues. May be repeated up to three times.

CLTR 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CLTR 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

LANG 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LANG 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LANG 3600. Language Policy. (4 Hours)

Introduces the field of language policy, i.e., government or other institutional/systemic control of language use. Examines the complexity of policies and how they affect and are affected by historical, political, social, economic, ethnic, and many other factors. Covers issues including the economic efficacy of certain languages, language death, linguistic marginalization, language as a tool of nationalism, language policies and access to basic services, language activism, and language conflict scenarios. Offers students an opportunity to pursue their own case study, analyzing a specific local or global region, using both personal observations and research.

Attribute(s): NUpath Societies/Institutions

LANG 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LANG 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

LITR 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LITR 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LITR 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LITR 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 1101. Elementary Portuguese 1. (4 Hours)

Begins the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of daily life, social norms, and family structure in Portuguese-speaking countries.Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of Portuguese.

PORT 1102. Elementary Portuguese 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on PORT 1101 and continues the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the linguistic, cultural, and geographic diversity of the Portuguese-speaking world.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 1501. Accelerated Elementary Portuguese 1. (4 Hours)

Introduces Portuguese to native/heritage speakers of Spanish, beginner-level heritage speakers of Portuguese, and students who have completed at least two levels of intermediate Spanish. Focuses on fundamental communication skills—speaking, aural comprehension, reading, and writing. Also explores cultural elements of the Portuguese-speaking countries. Students who do not have the preparation described may seek permission of instructor. This course is the equivalent of completing two semesters of elementary Portuguese.

PORT 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 2101. Intermediate Portuguese 1. (4 Hours)

Builds on PORT 1102 and begins the integrated development of intermediate language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the changes to modern life in Portuguese-speaking countries and efforts to face societal challenges.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 1302 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 1501 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 2102. Intermediate Portuguese 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on PORT 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Portuguese materials.

Prerequisite(s): (PORT 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 2301 with a minimum grade of C- )

PORT 2900. Specialized Instruction in Portuguese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 1102 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 3101. Advanced Portuguese 1. (4 Hours)

Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 3900. Specialized Instruction in Portuguese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 1101. Elementary Russian 1. (4 Hours)

Explores the essentials of grammar, practice in pronunciation, acquisition of basic vocabulary, and idiomatic expressions of everyday Russian.

RSSN 1102. Elementary Russian 2. (4 Hours)

Continues RSSN 1101. Studies grammar and spoken and written forms of the language. Covers more advanced features of the language.

Prerequisite(s): RSSN 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

RSSN 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 2101. Intermediate Russian 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Russian materials.

Prerequisite(s): RSSN 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

RSSN 2102. Intermediate Russian 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on RSSN 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Russian materials.

Prerequisite(s): (RSSN 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 2301 with a minimum grade of C- )

RSSN 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 3101. Advanced Russian 1. (4 Hours)

Builds on RSSN 2102. Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): RSSN 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

RSSN 3102. Advanced Russian 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on RSSN 3101 and continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): RSSN 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

RSSN 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 1101. Elementary Spanish 1. (4 Hours)

Begins the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of daily life, social norms, and family structure in Spanish-speaking countries. Designed for students with little or no knowledge of Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): Placement in SPNS 1101 with a score of 1101

SPNS 1102. Elementary Spanish 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 1101. Continues the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the linguistic, cultural, and geographic diversity of the Spanish-speaking world.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 1102 with a score of 1102

SPNS 1973. Special Topics in Hispanic Culture. (4 Hours)

Offers an in-depth exploration of a specific topic related to Hispanic culture, literature, and/or language. Taught in English. May be repeated twice.

SPNS 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 2101. Intermediate Spanish 1. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 1102 and begins the integrated development of intermediate language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of modern life in Spanish-speaking countries and efforts to preserve cultural heritage.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 2101 with a score of 2101

SPNS 2102. Intermediate Spanish 2: Becoming a Global Citizen. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 2101 and continues the integrated development of intermediate language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion, project-based learning, and one-on-one conversations with native speakers from around the Spanish-speaking world. Offers students an opportunity to prepare to travel, live, or work abroad and gain a deeper understanding of the social and political issues that have shaped daily life in Spanish-speaking countries.

Prerequisite(s): (SPNS 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 2102 with a score of 2102)

SPNS 2900. Specialized Instruction in Spanish. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 3101. Advanced Spanish 1: Deconstructing Borders. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 2102 and begins the integrated development of advanced language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion, project-based learning, and one-on-one conversations with native speakers from around the Spanish-speaking world. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the (de)construction of social, political, and interpersonal borders in the Spanish-speaking world.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101

SPNS 3102. Advanced Spanish 2: Hispanic and Latinx Identity. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 3101 and continues the integrated development of advanced language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion, project-based learning, and one-on-one conversations with native speakers from around the Spanish-speaking world. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the diverse gender, ethnic, racial, religious, national, and linguistic identities of Hispanic and Latinx communities in Spanish-speaking countries and the United States.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

SPNS 3401. Spanish for Healthcare Professionals 1. (4 Hours)

Designed to prepare students to interact with Spanish-speaking patients effectively and empathetically by exploring Hispanic cultural perspectives related to health and healthcare throughout the Spanish-speaking world, focusing on the Latino population in the United States. Offers students an opportunity to develop their linguistic skills tailored specifically to healthcare settings. Introduces a broad range of medical vocabulary and reviews the grammatical structures necessary to take a medical history, conduct a physical exam, discuss a diagnosis and treatment with patients, and perform other medical tasks in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

SPNS 3402. Spanish for Healthcare Professionals 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 3401. Continues to offer students an opportunity to prepare to interact effectively and empathetically with Spanish-speaking patients through the development of linguistic skills tailored to healthcare settings. Explores Hispanic cultural perspectives related to health and healthcare. Delves deeper into current topics in healthcare such as mental illness and its representation, gender-affirming care, reproductive care, and public health emergencies, among others.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3401 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 3403. Spanish for Global Professionals. (4 Hours)

Offers students an opportunity to learn how to communicate effectively with Spanish-speaking clients and colleagues in professional settings in the United States and abroad. Designed to develop students' formal language skills and intercultural competence. Explores a wide range of cultural perspectives such as workplace dynamics and diversity, the use of technology and social media, privacy and data protection, and personal finance, among others. Students build a portfolio website in Spanish that highlights their expertise in their own field.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102 or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 3502. Authentic Spanish Grammar. (4 Hours)

Explores the authentic use of advanced grammar, focusing on improving both speaking and writing skills. Presents advanced grammatical structures, analyzes their use in authentic cultural texts, and applies them to both spoken and written tasks. Offers students an opportunity to discuss cultural topics with peers and native speakers, as well as to develop an ePortfolio of written texts and engage in the peer-editing process.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102; (ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 with a minimum grade of C )

Attribute(s): NUpath Writing Intensive

SPNS 3601. Exploring Spoken Spanish. (4 Hours)

Uses project-based learning to help students build their confidence to interact with native speakers throughout the Spanish-speaking world by improving their pronunciation and listening comprehension, as well as increasing their awareness of the variation that exists in spoken Spanish. Briefly introduces the history of the Spanish language and the many Spanish-speaking communities around the world. Explores the Spanish sound system as it relates to both students' own pronunciation and to the diversity of dialects in the Spanish-speaking world. Offers students an opportunity to examine their own pronunciation, participate in one-on-one conversations with native speakers, analyze real examples of spoken Spanish, and consider the role of Spanish in bilingual communities around the world.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

SPNS 3602. Introduction to Spanish Linguistics. (4 Hours)

Introduces students to the study of language and the analysis of the Spanish language and its structure. Through project-based learning, students apply their knowledge of the history of the language, the sound system, word meaning, variation, social use, and Spanish-language learning to real-world examples. No previous linguistics knowledge is required.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3601 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3603 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

SPNS 3603. Special Topics in Spanish Linguistics. (4 Hours)

Explores a particular topic in Spanish linguistics. Topics may include phonology, syntax, morphology, sociolinguistics, language contact, bilingualism, or applied linguistics, among others. May be repeated two times.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3601 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3602 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

SPNS 3800. Special Topics in Spanish. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Spanish language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 3900. Specialized Instruction in Spanish. (1-4 Hours)

Designed for individuals whose language skills are at an advanced level and who seek specially focused language instruction. Such instruction might be the use of the language in specific settings, or it might be focused on specific conversational nuances of the language. Requires at least an advanced level of competence in the language. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 4700. Capstone Seminar. (4 Hours)

Offers a summative research and writing experience for Spanish majors organized around an important critical question in the discipline. Explores practical applications of theories, methods, and practices of critical work on a particular topic while providing students opportunities for reflecting on the connections between their capstone and other work they have done as majors. Conducted in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3502 with a minimum grade of C-

Attribute(s): NUpath Capstone Experience, NUpath Writing Intensive

SPNS 4800. Special Topics in Spanish. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Spanish language and culture. May be repeated up to three times with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 4944. Cultural Engagement: Dialogue of Civilizations. (4 Hours)

Offers an on-site opportunity for students to engage with the culture(s) of Spanish-speaking regions and/or communities. Emphasizes the complexity, transnationalism, and interdisciplinary nature of culture(s). Employs a range of methodological approaches to describe and analyze how cultural practices, objects, texts, and meanings are created, distributed, and exchanged within particular social groups or geographic areas. Students may explore questions of cultural identity, meaning, representation, policy formations, and ideologies. In addition to regular in-class lectures and activities, students have the opportunity to engage in a dialogue with members of the local communities about their perspectives on relevant cultural topics and everyday experiences. May be repeated once. Conducted in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): Placement in SPNS 2101 with a score of 2101 or SPNS 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 2102 with a score of 2102 or SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102 or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.